Zechariah

Zechariah 4:1–7 (ESV) This passage presents the fifth vision  in Zechariah's series of night visions (chapters 1–6), given around 520–518 BC during the post-exilic period. The returned exiles, under leaders like Zerubbabel  (governor, Davidic descendant) and Joshua  (high priest), faced discouragement in rebuilding the temple in Jerusalem. The work had stalled due to opposition, economic hardship, and internal apathy (see Ezra 4–6; Haggai). Zechariah's visions encourage resum

Exegetical Analysis of Zechariah 3:6–10 (ESV) Zechariah 3:6–10 forms the concluding portion of the fourth night vision (Zech 3:1–10), set in the post-exilic period around 520–518 BC. This was a time when the returned exiles, led by Joshua  (Jeshua) the high priest and Zerubbabel  the governor, were rebuilding the temple in Jerusalem under Persian rule. The people faced discouragement, spiritual impurity, and opposition. The vision addresses Joshua's cleansing from sin (vv. 1–

Zechariah 3:1–5  presents one of the most vivid and theologically rich visions in the Old Testament: a dramatic heavenly courtroom scene  during the post-exilic period (circa 520–518 BC), when the Jews had returned from Babylonian captivity and were rebuilding the temple under leaders like Zerubbabel (governor) and Joshua  (Jeshua), the high priest (son of Jehozadak). This fourth vision in Zechariah's series (following visions of horses, horns/craftsmen, and the measuring lin

Exegetical Analysis of Zechariah 2:1–13 (ESV) Zechariah 2 forms the third in a series of eight night visions (Zechariah 1:7–6:8), delivered to the prophet around 520–518 BC during the post-exilic period. This was a time of discouragement for the returned Jewish exiles under Persian rule: Jerusalem lay in ruins, the temple rebuilding lagged amid opposition, and the population remained small. Zechariah, alongside Haggai, encouraged the people to repent, resume temple work, and

"God’s Craftsmen – When the Horns Fall" Zechariah 1:18–21 (ESV) 18   And I lifted my eyes and saw, and behold, four horns! 19  And I said to the angel who talked with me, “What are these?” And he said to me, “These are the horns that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem.” 20  Then the Lord showed me four craftsmen. 21  And I said, “What are these coming to do?” He said, “These are the horns that scattered Judah, so that no one raised his head. And these have come to t